promiseA+02 发表于 2019-03-12 | 分类于 前端三剑客 promise代码实现1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556/** * Promise 实现 遵循promise/A+规范 * Promise/A+规范译文: */// promise 三个状态const PENDING = "pending";const FULFILLED = "fulfilled";const REJECTED = "rejected";function Promise(excutor){ let that = this; // 缓存当前promise实例对象 this.status = PENDING; // 初始状态 this.value = undefined; // fulfilled状态时 返回的信息 this.reason = undefined; // rejected状态时 拒绝的原因 that.onFulfilledCallbacks = []; // 存储fulfilled状态对应的onFulfilled函数 that.onRejectedCallbacks = []; // 存储rejected状态对应的onRejected函数 function resolve(value){ // value成功态时接收的终值 if(value instanceof promise){ return value.then(resolve,reject) } // 为什么resolve 加setTimeout? // 2.2.4规范 onFulfilled 和 onRejected 只允许在 execution context 栈仅包含平台代码时运行. // 注1 这里的平台代码指的是引擎、环境以及 promise 的实施代码。实践中要确保 onFulfilled 和 onRejected 方法异步执行,且应该在 then 方法被调用的那一轮事件循环之后的新执行栈中执行。 setTimeout(()=>{ // 调用resolve 回调对应onFulfilled函数 if(that.status == PENDING){ // 只能由pending状态 => fulfilled状态 (避免调用多次resolve reject) that.status = FULFILLED; that.value = value; that.onFulfilledCallbacks.forEach(cb=>cb(that.value)) } },0) } function reject(reason){// reason失败态时接收的拒因 setTimeout(()=>{ // 调用reject 回调对应onRejected函数 if(that.status == PENDING){ // 只能由pending状态 => rejected状态 (避免调用多次resolve reject) that.status = REJECTED; that.value = reason; that.onRejectedCallbacks.ForEach(cb=>cb(that.reason)) } }) } // 捕获在excutor执行器中抛出的异常 // new Promise((resolve, reject) => { // throw new Error('error in excutor') // }) try{ excutor(resolve,reject) }catch(e){ reject(e) } } 123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100101102103104105106107108109110111112113114115116117118119120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163164165166167168169170171172173174175176177178179180181182183184185186187188189190191192193194195196197198199200201202203204205206207208209210211212213214215216217218219220221222223224225226227228229230/** * resolve中的值几种情况: * 1.普通值 * 2.promise对象 * 3.thenable对象/函数 */ /** * 对resolve 进行改造增强 针对resolve中不同值情况 进行处理 * @param {promise} promise2 promise1.then方法返回的新的promise对象 * @param {[type]} x promise1中onFulfilled的返回值 * @param {[type]} resolve promise2的resolve方法 * @param {[type]} reject promise2的reject方法 */function resolvePromise(promise2, x, resolve, reject) { if (promise2 === x) { // 如果从onFulfilled中返回的x 就是promise2 就会导致循环引用报错 return reject(new TypeError('循环引用')); } let called = false; // 避免多次调用 // 如果x是一个promise对象 (该判断和下面 判断是不是thenable对象重复 所以可有可无) if (x instanceof Promise) { // 获得它的终值 继续resolve if (x.status === PENDING) { // 如果为等待态需等待直至 x 被执行或拒绝 并解析y值 x.then(y => { resolvePromise(promise2, y, resolve, reject); }, reason => { reject(reason); }); } else { // 如果 x 已经处于执行态/拒绝态(值已经被解析为普通值),用相同的值执行传递下去 promise x.then(resolve, reject); } // 如果 x 为对象或者函数 } else if (x != null && ((typeof x === 'object') || (typeof x === 'function'))) { try { // 是否是thenable对象(具有then方法的对象/函数) let then = x.then; if (typeof then === 'function') { then.call(x, y => { if(called) return; called = true; resolvePromise(promise2, y, resolve, reject); }, reason => { if(called) return; called = true; reject(reason); }) } else { // 说明是一个普通对象/函数 resolve(x); } } catch(e) { if(called) return; called = true; reject(e); } } else { resolve(x); }} /** * [注册fulfilled状态/rejected状态对应的回调函数] * @param {function} onFulfilled fulfilled状态时 执行的函数 * @param {function} onRejected rejected状态时 执行的函数 * @return {function} newPromsie 返回一个新的promise对象 */Promise.prototype.then = function(onFulfilled, onRejected){ const that = this; let newPromise; // 处理参数默认值 保证参数后续能够继续执行 onFulfilled = typeof onFulfilled == 'function' ? onFulfilled : value=>value; onRejected = typeof onRejected == 'function' ? onRejected : reason=>{throw reason}; // then里面的FULFILLED/REJECTED状态时 为什么要加setTimeout ? // 原因: // 其一 2.2.4规范 要确保 onFulfilled 和 onRejected 方法异步执行(且应该在 then 方法被调用的那一轮事件循环之后的新执行栈中执行) 所以要在resolve里加上setTimeout // 其二 2.2.6规范 对于一个promise,它的then方法可以调用多次.(当在其他程序中多次调用同一个promise的then时 由于之前状态已经为FULFILLED/REJECTED状态,则会走的下面逻辑),所以要确保为FULFILLED/REJECTED状态后 也要异步执行onFulfilled/onRejected // 其二 2.2.6规范 也是resolve函数里加setTimeout的原因 // 总之都是 让then方法异步执行 也就是确保onFulfilled/onRejected异步执行 // 如下面这种情景 多次调用p1.then // p1.then((value) => { // 此时p1.status 由pedding状态 => fulfilled状态 // console.log(value); // resolve // // console.log(p1.status); // fulfilled // p1.then(value => { // 再次p1.then 这时已经为fulfilled状态 走的是fulfilled状态判断里的逻辑 所以我们也要确保判断里面onFuilled异步执行 // console.log(value); // 'resolve' // }); // console.log('当前执行栈中同步代码'); // }) // console.log('全局执行栈中同步代码'); if(that.status == FULFILLED){ // 成功态 return newPromise = new Promise((resolve,reject)=>{ // 和等待状态时候,保持一致 要异步执行 setTimeout(()=>{ try{ let x = onFulfilled(that.value); resolvePromise(newPromise, x, resolve, reject); // 新的promise resolve 上一个onFulfilled的返回值 }catch(e){ reject(e); // 捕获前面onFulfilled中抛出的异常 then(onFulfilled, onRejected); } },0) }) } if (that.status === REJECTED) { // 失败态 return newPromise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => { // 和等待状态时候,保持一致 要异步执行 setTimeout(() => { try { let x = onRejected(that.reason); resolvePromise(newPromise, x, resolve, reject); } catch(e) { reject(e); } }); }); } if(that.status == PENDING){ // 等待态 // 当异步调用resolve/rejected时 将onFulfilled/onRejected收集暂存到集合中 return newPromise = new Promise((resolve,reject)=>{ that.onFulfilledCallbacks.push((value)=>{ try{ let x = onFulfilled(value); resolvePromise(newPromise,x,resolve,reject) }catch(e){ reject(e) } }) that.onRejectedCallbacks.push((reason)=>{ try{ let x = onRejected(reason) resolvePromise(newPromise,x,resolve,reject) }catch(e){ reject(e) } }) }) }}/** * Promise.all Promise进行并行处理 * 参数: promise对象组成的数组作为参数 * 返回值: 返回一个Promise实例 * 当这个数组里的所有promise对象全部变为resolve状态的时候,才会resolve。 */Promise.all = function(promises) { return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { let done = gen(promises.length, resolve); promises.forEach((promise, index) => { promise.then((value) => { done(index, value) }, reject) }) })}function gen(length, resolve) { let count = 0; let values = []; return function(i, value) { values[i] = value; if (++count === length) { console.log(values); resolve(values); } }}/*** Promise.race* 参数: 接收 promise对象组成的数组作为参数* 返回值: 返回一个Promise实例* 只要有一个promise对象进入 FulFilled 或者 Rejected 状态的话,就会继续进行后面的处理(取决于哪一个更快)*/Promise.race = function(promises) { return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { promises.forEach((promise, index) => { promise.then(resolve, reject); }); });}// 用于promise方法链时 捕获前面onFulfilled/onRejected抛出的异常Promise.prototype.catch = function(onRejected) { return this.then(null, onRejected);}Promise.resolve = function (value) { return new Promise(resolve => { resolve(value); });}Promise.reject = function (reason) { return new Promise((resolve, reject) => { reject(reason); });}/*** 基于Promise实现Deferred的* Deferred和Promise的关系* - Deferred 拥有 Promise* - Deferred 具备对 Promise的状态进行操作的特权方法(resolve reject)**参考jQuery.Deferred*url: http://api.jquery.com/category/deferred-object/*/Promise.deferred = function() { // 延迟对象 let defer = {}; defer.promise = new Promise((resolve, reject) => { defer.resolve = resolve; defer.reject = reject; }); return defer;}/*** Promise/A+规范测试* npm i -g promises-aplus-tests* promises-aplus-tests Promise.js*/try {module.exports = Promise} catch (e) {} -------------本文结束感谢您的阅读-------------